There is a whole array of more scandalous acts of vandalism and we collected only some of them. Unfortunately, many of the works that were subjected to attacks could not be fully restored and will never be the same as they were before.
Do you know the story of Herostratus who set fire to the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus and burned it down? Surely you do. The temple was considered as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, but back in the 4th century BC the Greek arsonist who was a slave or someone of low social status destroyed it out of desire to become famous. Since then the cases of artworks destruction and damaging, including great masterpieces, became a regular occurence. Sometimes perpetrators were driven by insanity and sometimes by political motives.
For many people it’s impossible to separate art and ideology. That’s why there were periods of organised art destruction in history. E.g., after the French Revolution such acts were motivated by anti-religious and anti-royalist ideas. The Bolsheviks driven by anticlericalism ruined icons and churches after the 1917 revolution. Many artworks were destroyed following the Adolf Hitler’s rise to power. Modernist paintings were considered “degenerate” by the Nazis. Having an artistic background himself Hitler detested abstract painting. And, who knows, maybe he was even jealous about the success of modernist artists which was completely undeserved from his point of view?
We don’t always know much about the motivation of people who intend to ruin cultural values, all the more often they are madmen driven by some unusual ideas. Some of them were actually obsessed with damaging artworks like Hans-Joachim Bohlmann who attacked over 50 paintings by Lucas Cranach, Paul Klee, Rubens etc.