In 2034 scientists have cloned and grown an adult male specimen of Neanderthal. The experiment was classified under the name: PROGRAMME N1600. The team's aim was to create a new smarter species which could compete with contemporary human machines. Neanderthals (named after the Neandertal area in Germany) were a species or subspecies of human which became extinct around 40,000 years ago. They were closely related to modern humans, having DNA over 99.5% the same. With an average cranial capacity of 1600 cm³, the cranial capacity of Neanderthals is notably larger than the 1400 cm³ average for modern humans, indicating that their brain size was larger.